Multiplication Worksheets

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Welcome to the multiplication worksheets page at Math-Drills.com! This is our most popular page due to the wide variety of worksheets for multiplication available. Or it could be that learning multiplication facts and multiplication strategies are essential to many topics in mathematics beyond third grade math.

We believe that learning the multiplication facts to the point of quick recall is a goal for all students. That's why we start you off with some multiplication tables, five minute frenzy charts and multiplication facts. Multiplication facts are actually easier to learn than you might think. First of all, it is only essential to learn the facts from 1 to 9. Somewhere along the way students can learn that anything multiplied by zero is zero. Hopefully, that is an easy one. Students also need to learn to multiply by ten as a precursor to learning how to multiply other powers of ten. After those three skills are learned, everything else is long multiplication. Multiplying by 11 is actually two-digit multiplication. Now, learning fact tables of 11 and beyond will do no harm to those students who are keen and able to learn these things quickly, and it might help them figure out how many eggs are in a gross faster than anyone else, but keep it simple for those students who struggle a bit more.

As you move down the page, you'll find many options for long multiplication. Learning how to multiply in a variety of ways is a great idea, but don't forget to teach the tried-and-true long multiplication algorithm. It has persisted for so many years because it is quick and efficient and will make university professors keep their hair longer if your students can use it.

Multiplication Tables

Use the printable multiplication tables below to learn multiplication facts or the blank printable multiplication tables to practice multiplication facts.

Five Minute Frenzy Charts

Five minute frenzy charts are 10 by 10 grids that are used for multiplication fact practice (up to 12 x 12) and improving recall. In each square, students write the product of the column number and the row number. They try to complete the chart in less than five minutes and score 98 percent or better. Well, that's what we said on the addition page too, but making personal goals based on past performance is probably much preferable. Remember, your child/student is not the same as everybody else, so neither will his/her learning style be the same.

It is important to note here that you should NOT have students complete five minute frenzies if they don't already know all of the multiplication facts that appear on them. If you want them to participate with the rest of the class, cross of the rows and columns that they don't know and have them complete a modified version. Remember, these charts are for practice and improving recall, not a teaching tool by itself.

Multiplication Facts to 49

When a student first learns multiplication facts, don't overwhelm them with the entire table. Some school curriculums start students off with learning only the facts to 7 x 7 = 49. Each of the worksheets below includes one row of the facts in order with the target digit on the bottom. The second row includes the facts in order with the target digit on the top. The remaining rows include each of the facts once, but the target digit is randomly placed on the top or the bottom and the facts are randomly mixed on each row. To slow down the pace, just complete one row per session rather than the entire sheet and give the student feedback as they go along. Multiple copies of each sheet are provided in case the student needs extra practice. If you would like a copy of all the pages below in one file, click here.

Multiplication Facts to 81

When learning multiplication facts, it is useful to have each fact isolated on a set of practice questions to help reinforce the individual fact. The following worksheets isolate each fact. These worksheets can be used as practice sheets, assessment sheets, or in conjunction with another teaching strategy such as manipulative use.

Multiplication Facts to 144

The following worksheets are intended for multiplication fact practice or assessment after students have learned all of the multiplication facts. They might also be used as a set of questions for manipulative practice. For example, students could model multiplication questions using arrays of counters. They could check their answers using the answer key.

When learning multiplication facts, it is useful to have each fact isolated on a set of practice questions to help reinforce the individual fact. The following worksheets isolate each fact. These worksheets can be used as practice sheets, assessment sheets, or in conjunction with another teaching strategy such as manipulative use.

Multiplication Facts Greater Than 144

One good concept to know is multiplying doubles (squares in older grades).

100 per page Multiplication Facts (Horizontal)

Multi-Digit Multiplication

Multi-Digit multiplication can be a frustrating experience for many students. Try to teach multi-digit multiplication using more than one strategy. Students will tend to pick up on the concepts better if they are exposed to a number of mental math, manipulative, and algorithm strategies.

Lattice Multiplication

Lattice, or sieve, multiplication is algorithmically equivalent to long multiplication. It requires the preparation of a lattice (a grid drawn on paper) which guides the calculation and separates all the multiplications from the additions. It was introduced to Europe in 1202 in Fibonacci's Liber Abaci. Leonardo described the operation as mental, using his right and left hands to carry the intermediate calculations. Napier's bones, or Napier's rods also used this method, as published by Napier in 1617, the year of his death.

• During the multiplication phase, the lattice is filled in with two-digit products of the corresponding digits labeling each row and column: the tens digit goes in the top-left corner.
• During the addition phase, the lattice is summed on the diagonals.
• Finally, if a carry phase is necessary, the answer as shown along the left and bottom sides of the lattice is converted to normal form by carrying ten's digits as in long addition or multiplication. (Source: Wikipedia)

Distributive Property

Using the distributive property can help students mentally multiply whole numbers without relying on paper/pencil methods.

Individual Multiplication Facts (Horizontal; 36 per page)

Custom Made Multiplication Worksheets

This is a small collection of worksheets that were made based on user requests. There might be something here that you find useful.

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You may use any free math worksheet on this website as long as it is helping you or someone else learn.